Oily Wastewater Treatment by Nano-TiO2-Induced Photocatalysis: Seeking more efficient and feasible solutions.

Oily wastewater refers to any water containing oil from many industrial processes, such as oil and gas exploration’ production, and transportation; petroleum refining; and onshore and offshore oil spills 

              Concentrations of oil, the major contaminant in oily wastewater, vary widely among sources, ranging from 1 to 40,000 mg/L.

             The effluents from oil and gas production and transportation are the largest waste streams of oily wastewater (e.g., produced water, bilge water, and refinery wastewater)